High Court Upholds Right to Protection for Individuals in Live-in Relationships
Court Affirms Fundamental Right to Life and Liberty Under Article 21, Directs Authorities to Ensure Safety of Petitioners Facing Threats
The Punjab and Haryana High Court, presided over by Justice Rupinderjit Chahal, has reinforced the fundamental right to life and liberty for individuals in live-in relationships, irrespective of societal or legal acceptance of such arrangements. The judgment, delivered on September 16, 2025, in the case of Reshma v. State of Punjab, underscores the constitutional protection afforded to adults choosing to live with partners outside of traditional marital frameworks.
The petitioners, Reshma and another individual, sought legal intervention to secure protection from threats posed by private respondents. Petitioner No.1 is a minor born on July 15, 2006, while Petitioner No.2, born on March 10, 1982, is married with two children but currently living in a live-in relationship with Petitioner No.1. Despite the unconventional nature of their relationship, the court affirmed their entitlement to protection under Article 21 of the Indian Constitution, which guarantees the right to life and personal liberty.
Justice Chahal highlighted that the protection of life and liberty is a cornerstone of the Constitution, applicable to all individuals, including those in live-in relationships. The judgment cited previous cases, including Pardeep Singh v. State of Haryana, where similar protection was granted, emphasizing that the legality of the relationship does not diminish the individual's right to safety.
The court directed Respondent No.2, the Senior Superintendent of Police, Hoshiarpur, to assess the threat perception faced by the petitioners and to take necessary actions to safeguard their lives and liberties. The judgment also clarified that while protection is afforded, it does not prevent the initiation of legal proceedings against the petitioners if warranted under the law.
This ruling is seen as a progressive step towards recognizing and protecting non-traditional relationships in India, reflecting changing societal norms and the judiciary's commitment to upholding constitutional rights. The decision aligns with the growing acceptance of live-in relationships, especially in metropolitan areas, and reinforces the judiciary's role in safeguarding individual freedoms against familial or societal disapproval.
The judgment comes at a time when debates around personal freedoms and relationship choices are gaining prominence in India, with courts increasingly being called upon to adjudicate matters involving personal liberties. By ensuring protection for those in live-in relationships, the Punjab and Haryana High Court has reaffirmed its stance on upholding the Constitution's promise of life and liberty for all citizens, regardless of the nature of their personal relationships.
Reshma v. State of Punjab, (Punjab And Haryana) : Law Finder Doc id # 2779926
